Domestic Violence No Contact Orders in Washington State

In Washington State, there is no crime of Domesticyear in jail and a $5,000 fine. Since violating a
Violence. Rather, Domestic Violence is a tag that isDomestic Violence No Contact Order is itself labeled a
put on other crimes indicating that there is a family orcrime of domestic violence, your rights to own or
household relationship between the parties involved.possess firearms will be forfeited upon conviction -
Most jurisdictions will impose a No Contact Order thateven if no gun was used, possessed, mentioned or in
prohibits the defendant in a Domestic Violence ("DV")any other way used or contemplated. This is true
case from having contact with the alleged victim ofeven where the underlying criminal case, which
the crime. The order will often prohibit contact withcaused the No Contact Order to be issued, is
the victim's children, residence and place of work too.dismissed.
Family or household relationshipBeing in a public place, even the courthouse, is not a
According to RCW 10.99.020(3), family or householddefense to violating the order. This means that if an
members is defined as:order is issued against you and you see the
[S]pouses, former spouses, persons who have a childprotected person at a grocery store then you must
in common regardless of whether they have beenleave. Inadvertent contact may technically not violate
married or have lived together at any time, adultthe order, but you may well have to go in front of a
persons related by blood or marriage, adult personsJudge to defend yourself. Besides the stress
who are presently residing together or who haveinvolved, you may have to spend more money in
resided together in the past, persons sixteen yearsorder to hire an attorney.
of age or older who are presently residing togetherEven if the victim invites the contact, the respondent
or who have resided together in the past and whocan face jail time if the order is violated. What I see
have or have had a dating relationship, personsmost often in my cases, is the following scenario:
sixteen years of age or older with whom a personTwo people have a relationship. Something happens
sixteen years of age or older has or has had a datingand the police are called. Because of everyone's
relationship, and persons who have a biological or legalsensitivity to "Domestic Violence" the police err on
parent-child relationship, including stepparents andthe side of charging someone. A No Contact Order
stepchildren and grandparents and grandchildren.then slams into place, precluding the two people from
As you can see, this definition is extremely broad. Ithaving contact with one another. It may also make
is far more inclusive then what most people wouldone of them unexpectedly homeless - but that is a
expect it to be. The same is true for the types ofdifferent issue. People, being people, want to work
crimes that are labeled "Domestic Violence." Mostthe problem out and the alleged victim contacts the
people only think of Assault when it comes todefendant and says something to the effect of "I'm
domestic violence, however there are many otherso sorry that all of this is happening. Come home and
crimes that can carry the DV tag.I'll make it worth your while." The problem, of course,
Mandatory Arrestis that the defendant takes the alleged victim up on
According to RCW 10.31.100(2)(c), an officer mustthe offer. Generally, legal problems multiply for the
make an arrest if: The person is sixteen years ordefendant shortly thereafter as the happy couple go
older and within the preceding four hours hasout to celebrate their rekindled relationship only to pull
assaulted a family or household member as defined ina "slow and go" at a stop sign - or some other minor
RCW 10.99.020 and the officer believes:traffic infraction. They then get stopped by the
(i) A felonious assault has occurred;police. When the officer runs the occupants'
(ii) an assault has occurred which has resulted ininformation, up jumps the No Contact Order and the
bodily injury to the victim, whether the injury isdefendant is arrested then taken to jail where he is
observable by the responding officer or not; ornow facing an additional charge.
(iii) that any physical action has occurred which wasRemoving the Order
intended to cause another person reasonably to fearIt is very difficult to remove a Pre-Trial No Contact
imminent serious bodily injury or death. Bodily injuryorder once it is in place. Even if the victim comes in
means physical pain, illness, or an impairment ofand testifies before the Judge that the order is not
physical condition. When the officer has probableneeded, most Judges will leave the order in place.
cause to believe that family or household membersOne strategy is to have the defendant evaluated by
have assaulted each other, the officer is not requireda Domestic Violence Treatment Agency. If a
to arrest both persons. The officer shall arrest thecounselor is willing to tell the Judge that the
person whom the officer believes to be the primarydefendant would not pose a danger to the victim if
physical aggressor. In making this determination, thethe order is removed, then the Judge can eliminate
officer shall make every reasonable effort tothe order. The Treatment Agency may want to get
consider:the defendant into classes before agreeing to make
(i) The intent to protect victims of domestic violencea recommendation to the Judge.
under RCW 10.99.010;Another strategy is to ask the Court to modify the
(ii) the comparative extent of injuries inflicted orNo C0ontact Order to allow marriage counseling.
serious threats creating fear of physical injury; andSome Judges will require that contact only be allowed
(iii) the history of domestic violence between thewhile monitored by a third party from the treatment
persons involved.agency.
If you get arrested for a crime involving domesticOnce a No Contact Order has been modified to allow
violence, a No Contact Order will slam into placeconditional contact, a Judge is more likely to remove
almost immediately.the order later, unless there is a new problem.
No Contact OrdersVictim Rights
There are two types of No Contact Orders inMost Prosecutors' Offices have a Domestic Violence
Washington State: Pre-Trial and Post Conviction. BothAdvocate. It is this person's job to help the victim of
types of orders prevent the defendant from havinga domestic violence offense understand what
contact with the alleged victim. However, neitherservices are available to them and help keep them
type prevents the victim from trying to haveinformed as the court process moves along.
contact with the defendant, since only the defendantI have seen numerous cases where the victim does
goes to jail if the order is violated. In other words,not want the No Contact Order to be in effect.
the No Contact Orders limit only the defendant'sGoing through the victims advocate person can
behavior.sometimes be helpful.
Pre-TrialMost courts have a form that the alleged victim can
Pre-Trial Orders are issued against the defendantfill out requesting that the Judge drop the No
(sometimes called a Respondent) before he or she isContact Order. In my experience, most Judges will
convicted of having done anything wrong. Thesemaintain the order even after the victim asks to
orders can preclude contact between thehave it dropped. Even though the order remains in
Respondent and the alleged victim of the crime, theplace, having the victim ask for it to be removed is
victim's children (even if they are the Respondent'sstill valuable, since it may be useful on a later attempt
children too), the victim's place of work and theto remove the order.
victim's home (even if it's the Respondent's homeGun Rights
too).Conviction for a crime labeled Domestic Violence will
In other words, these orders can force you awaycause you to loose your right to own or possess
from your home and your kids before you havefirearms. This is a lifelong ban.
even been convicted of a crime. This is true even ifExample
the victim says that nothing happened or thatIn one case I had, the husband was arrested for a
whatever did happen was blown all out of proportion.Domestic Violence charge when, during an argument,
Pre-trial orders stay in place until there is a resolutionhe threw a bowl into their kitchen sink, chipping it.
to the criminal case or until a Judge lifts it.The argument was overheard by a nearby neighbor
Post-Convictionwho called the police. The police arrived and when
A No Contact Order issued after conviction can carrythey looked in the sink, they found the chipped bowl
the same types of restrictions that a Pre-Trial orderand arrested the husband for domestic violence
does. Post-Conviction Orders are generally good for amalicious mischief. There was no allegation that the
year, however a Judge can extend that if he or shehusband threw the bowl at, or even near, his wife.
feels that the facts warrant it.Since Washington is a Community Property state,
Civil Standbyboth the husband and the wife had an ownership
Since a No Contact Order can preclude you frominterest in the bowl, thus by chipping his bowl, the
going to your own home, the Courts will generallyhusband damaged property belonging to another (i.e.
allow you one trip home to get clothes and a fewhis wife) and was therefore liable under Malicious
personal items. However, you must be accompaniedMischief. Without counsel, the husband (who had no
by a Law Enforcement Officer. This process is calledprior criminal history) pled guilty at arraignment. He
a "Civil Standby." You must contact the lawwas given a one year No Contact Order which
enforcement agency and schedule a time for the Civilprevented him from going home for a year or having
Standby. Be aware, however, that this is a lowany contact with his wife.
priority action for most law enforcement agencies, soHad the husband contacted an attorney prior to
the civil standby will only be done when they havepleading guilty, he may not have had a conviction at
the time to spare.all. Even if there was a conviction, an attorney could
Violating a No Contact Orderhave helped him avoid such a long No Contact Order.
A willful violation of a No Contact Order is a grossCopyright (c) 2007 The Cahoon Law Office - All
misdemeanor; which means that you can get up to arights reserved.