Cyber Counseling: Practices and Pitfalls

1 The fictional Frasier Crane does it on the radio; soanywhere in the world
does the real life Dr. Laura Schlessinger, and before may well be the norm, as long as we both have
her Dr. Susan Forward. To some extent Dear Abbycompatible technology and
and her twin sister, Ann Landers, also do it. What is it all systems are go.Counselors who have webpages
all these folks have in common? They all give counselnication
and advice to people they don't know and will 
probably never meet. Do you, or will you, as a* Participate in a chat room live, either with an
Christian counselor, use electronic means to practiceindividual or a group (synchronous)
your profession? If you have ever picked up the 
telephone to change an appointment with a client or* Use CUseeme sessions. A counselee or client can
to follow up on a counselee, you have, at one level,also initiate the modalities of a letter, a phone call,
participated in electronic counseling. Technology bringstext e-mail, and posting on a listserv. Many people
new means of communication for all of us, counselorshave formed chat rooms or listservs around common
and counselees included, not just in our work lives problems and concerns without having a counselor
but in our day to day living as well. The medicalparticipatean online
profession already operates in the realm of tele self-help group. Most counselors use the telephone
medicine and telehealth. These programs wereor written communications as an adjunct to F2F
developed out of a recognized needpatients in ruraltherapy. I have never heard these practices
areas who do not have access to specialists, whoquestioned. However, cybercounseling brings a host
tend to congregate in urban areas. The most usedof ethical considerations, which are generally not yet
modality has been electronic transmission of data,resolved. The following is a list of potential potholes
such as X-rays or fetal monitoring.for cybercounselors:
The other modality has been the use of live audio 
and video, called by some CUseeme technology. A* Who is your client? You only know what the
doctor and patient are online live with the specialistperson tells you by text.
who then consults in the patients treatment. Each 
state in the U.S. has regulations for how out-of-state* Is there anyone else present in the room? This
doctors can consult in the state. It is worth notingcould be a real issue if someone who has a potential
that these regulations are by no means uniform andto harm your client can access their e-mail.
are an ongoing source of confusion. It is a point to 
pay attention to because it could portent what might* Is your clients confidentiality protected? Are you
occur for counseling regulations if cyber counselingusing encryption that is sufficient for protection?
ever becomes a norm. While counseling encompasses 
a range of modalities of service delivery, cyber* What are your back-up means if your client is of
counseling refers to using the computer in somedanger to self or others?
form for delivering counseling services. A counselor 
can:* Will you be violating any laws if you are counseling
 someone in another state, either because you are
* See an individual or group in a live session (face tonot licensed in that state, or because that state
face, referred to as F2F)prohibits cybercounseling? The risks are even greater
 for a counselee:
* Write a letter 
 * What are your counselors Professional mental
* Telephone a clienthealth provider organizations have not yet modified
 their ethical codes to include cybercounseling.The
* Send text e-mail, one to one, to a client in anaverage website has many more viewers than actual
asynchronous modeparticipants in a counseling agreement. No counselor I
 know of has given up a F2F practice to devote all of
* Send text e-mail on a listserv to a number ofhis or her time to cybercounseling.
clients, who will all see the same commuqualifications? 
How can you verify them?Some sites have already closed down from the time
 I first did research on them, because of lack of
* Does the counselor hold an unrestricted license,business or because the counselor felt that there
that is, not under any sanction from any state?were too many unresolved ethical issues at present.
 New sites are
* Does the counselor have any kind of training to constantly springing upsome more qualified and
specifically conduct cybercounseling?ethical than others. It is truly a market of let the
 buyer (and to some extent, the provider) beware.
* What are your avenues of recourse if you believe 
that your counselor has acted unethically or caused 
you harm? 
 Professional mental health provider organizations have
* How do you know you are receiving services fromnot yet modified
the actual counselor and not someone without their ethical codes to include cyber counseling. Very
qualifications delegated to answer e-mails? In addition,few states have addressed the issue in their
the basic unanswered question is, Is cybercounselingregulations. As Christians, we need to proceed
really counseling or is it advice giving?I have given acarefully. Even if we offer a Christian counseling
lot of e-mail andservice on the Internet, we must heed the same
 phone advice to my sons who live in other citiescautions as anyone else. I recently spoke with
from me. I have givensomeone who was putting up such a service. I asked
 advice to alumni of our program who communicateif the organization used to check credentials of
with me by these same means. I would never callpotential providers verifies with the states that the
any of it counseling. Some would argue thatlicenses are not under sanction. Find a therapist for
counseling can occur through text means, eitherimmediate help.
synchronous or asynchronous. The jury is still out onHe did not know it was an area that did not occur to
this one, and, for the record, so am I. I do believehim. We have an obligation first of all to our
that when the CUseeme technology is common,counselees to act with their welfare and benefit in
perhaps within 510 years, and problems of broadermind, and in venturing forth we must not overlook
bandwidths and video-audio streaming are solved, weimportant issues.Perhaps an appropriate motto for
will be a lot closer to the practices of telemedicineChristian cyber counselors is the following: Wisdom is
and then the argument will be moot. Cybercounselingsupreme; therefore get wisdom. Though it cost all
withyou have, get understanding(Prov. 4:7).
 me at my desk in Virginia Beach and the counselee